Dental fillings are a common procedure in modern dentistry. In this guide, we will explore the various types of dental fillings available, how fillings are placed, and aftercare advice to ensure a quick recovery.
Contents
Why Would You Need a Dental Filling?
A dental filling is used to fill a cavity or hole in a tooth so you’ll need one if you’ve got tooth decay or a trauma has caused damage to a tooth. Tooth decay is the most common reason to need a filling as when we eat sugar or acidic foods that creates the right environment for bacteria to grow which eat away the enamel causing a cavity.
Fillings will restore the tooth’s structure which has been damaged by the cavity. This prevents further decay and protects the inner layers of the tooth that have lost their tough enamel protection. A dental filling will also relieve pain, restore proper function, and improve the appearance of a damaged tooth.
Common Types of Dental Fillings
There are several types of dental fillings available with their own pros and cons. The choice of material will depend on which tooth your cavity is affecting, your budget, your preferences on the filling’s appearance, and your dentist’s recommendation. The different options are:
Amalgam Fillings
More commonly referred to as silver fillings, these are actually a mixture of metals, including silver, mercury, tin, and copper. They have been used for more than 100 years and are still the most common types of dental fillings. This is because amalgam fillings are durable and affordable. Due to its silver colour, it is less aesthetically pleasing so tends to be used for fillings in the back teeth where they’re not seen routinely.
Composite Fillings
Composite fillings are made of a tooth-coloured resin. This material is easy to shape to match the natural contours of the tooth so it’s a great choice to retain function. Composite fillings are a popular choice for individuals who want a more aesthetically result which blends seamlessly with the patient’s natural tooth color. Composite fillings are generally used for cavities in the front teeth or visible areas for this reason. These fillings are not as durable as amalgam so they may need to be replaced more frequently and cost a bit more than amalgam.
Gold Fillings
These fillings are made from a mixture of gold, copper, and other metals with the gold being the dominant colour that shows through. They are popular because of their long-lasting properties and ability to withstand heavy biting pressure. Gold is also highly resistant to corrosion so won’t need frequent replacement. However, gold fillings are more expensive than other types, and not everyone likes the look especially as they can catch the light sometimes. Like amalgam, gold fillings are usually used for back teeth.
Porcelain Fillings
These fillings, also known as ceramic fillings, are a great aesthetic choice that’s also durable. They are made from a porcelain material that is mixed in a dental lab to perfectly match the colour and translucency of the surrounding teeth. Porcelain fillings are popular for patients seeking the most natural-looking restoration of damaged visible teeth. They are also resistant to staining and offer a smooth surface that is less prone to plaque buildup which could cause further decay. However, porcelain fillings can be more expensive than other filling types, and they often require multiple appointments to complete the filling process.
What to Expect at The Filling Appointment
The dental filling process is straightforward and something your dentist does routinely so it’s nothing to worry about. It will be performed using local anaesthesia so that you are comfortable as drilling is required. If you are nervous about the procedure, have a talk with your dentist who will have steps they can offer to ease your nerves.
Before the filling is placed, you will have prior appointments with your dentist to assess the extent of the tooth decay or see what effect the trauma has had below the surface. You and your dentist will discuss the best filling material based on the location of the impacted tooth & your preferences. Once that’s decided, your appointment to place the filling will be made, you generally won’t have to wait long so that the decay isn’t allowed to spread.
- The first step in the filling treatment is to numb the area around your tooth using a local anaesthetic. You may feel a slight pinch when the needle is used but this is brief and most people find it only mildly uncomfortable.
- Next, once the area is numb, the dentist will use a drill or laser to remove all the decayed tissue in your tooth while preserving as much of the healthy tooth structure as they can. By preserving what they can, you’re less likely to need further more invasive procedures. Once the decay is removed, the cavity or hole will be cleaned to eliminate any remaining bacteria or debris to ensure nothing is trapped beneath the filling and causes further problems.
- Next it’s time to fit the chosen filling material into the cleaned cavity or hole. If you and your dentist chose a composite or porcelain filling, the material will be applied in layers and hardened with UV light. For amalgam or gold fillings, the material will be packed straight into the cavity. All filling types will be shaped to match the natural contours of the tooth as much as possible.
- Once the filling has been placed, the dentist will check that it fits the tooth perfectly and that your bite is normal without disturbing the surrounding teeth. Small changes may need to be made such as excess material being removed or the filling being polished to smooth any rough edges.
Pain Management During & After the Filling Treatment
Most patients have little to no discomfort during the process above as local anaesthesia is used. Some people feel slight pressure or vibrations from the dental instruments which is a strange feeling but shouldn’t be painful. If you feel any pain during the procedure, be sure to let your dentist know as they may be able to administer more anaesthesia.
After the procedure, some sensitivity and a little pain around the affected tooth is common and this is more common with composite or porcelain fillings. The sensitivity should fade after a few days & over-the-counter pain relief should be enough to ease the mild pain. If the pain continues past a few days or becomes severe, you should contact your dentist for advice.
Aftercare Tips for a Smooth Recovery
After your filling is placed your dentist will give you specific advice that you should follow but there are a few general tips too. You shouldn’t eat or drink straight after the procedure.
Composite and porcelain fillings need an hour or so after the appointment to fully set and chewing on amalgam fillings too soon can loosen them. You should wait at least until your anaesthesia has worn off to chew with the filled tooth and avoid hard or sticky food that might disturb the filling for 24 hours.
You should continue to brush and floss your teeth as you normally do, but use gentler pressure around the filled tooth for the first few days so there’s no excess pain. You could try using a soft-bristled toothbrush for the first few days too to minimise irritation.
Long-Term Care & When to Seek Dentist Attention
Continuing good oral hygiene habits such as regular brushing, flossing, and dental checkups is the best way to prevent further decay and ensure the long life of your new filling.
Fillings typically last for several years, but over time they can become worn or lose their seal and will need replacements. Keeping your regular dentist appointments as we mentioned above allows your dentist to spot any signs of wear and tear. In between appointments, if you notice any chips, scratches, or rough patches it’s best to contact your dentist to make sure there isn’t a bigger issue that would require replacing the filling.
Potential Complications & Solutions
Although dental fillings are considered a safe and effective dentistry treatment, there are some potential complications you should be aware of.
It’s possible to experience increased sensitivity to hot or cold after a filling. This typically resolves on its own, but if the sensitivity persists after the first week or so it’s best to go back to your dentist for advice. They will check the filling has covered the sensitive inner layers of the tooth and isn’t too high which could cause sensitivity when biting. If this isn’t the problem, they’ll likely suggest fluoride treatments and certain toothpaste to try.
While rare, some individuals can be allergic to filling materials, particularly amalgam. If you experience unusual swelling or pain after a filling, consult your dentist for an alternative option. This reaction will happen soon after the filling is placed so there shouldn’t need to be more drilling when the filling is swapped.
At Dental @ Niddrie, we will do everything we can in our patient-centred clinic to ease you through the dental filling process if you need one. Read more about the friendly team who’ll help you here.
